Inge lehmann biography of martin

This discontinuity, as well as the one at the surface of the inner core, have become known as Lehmann discontinuities. Skills and Personal Qualities. As a seismologist Lehmann stood out with her exceptional analytical skills and her ability to identify and compare phases in seismograms from stations all over the world. In the boxes were cardboard cards with information on earthquakes and the times for their registration all over the world.

I remember Inge With her cardboard cards and her oatmeal boxes, Inge registered the velocity of propagation of the earthquakes to all parts of the globe. By means of this information, she deduced new theories of the inner parts of the Earth. Bolt, Lehmann was also a very shy person and disliked being the center of attention. When in Denmark she enjoyed spending time at her quiet summer cottage, where many colleagues visited her over the years.

Despite her shyness she maintained an extensive network of colleagues, and many considered her a close friend. She was a very active person, loved to ski in the Alps or Norway, and to climb mountains in the summertime. The following year she celebrated her th birthday at a reception at the Geodetic Institute, attended by several internationally renowned geophysicists.

In February , Lehmann died at the age of Honors and Awards. During her career Lehmann received great international recognition. Lehmann received several travel awards, and in an unusual honor, she received the Danish Tagea Brandt travel award twice, in and Finally, in she received the Medal of the Seismological Society of America. Though her recognition in Denmark came late, she was especially pleased when she received an honorary doctor of philosophy degree at Copenhagen University in In she received the honorary degree of doctor of science at Columbia University.

Inge Lehmann bequeathed her personal papers to her colleague Erik Hjortenberg, who has systematized and scanned the documents. Bolt, Bruce A. Brush, Stephen G. Hjortenberg, Erik, and Tine B. September Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. January 9, Retrieved January 09, from Encyclopedia. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list.

Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia. Trained as a mathematician and an actuary, Danish geophysicist Inge Lehmann used painstaking analyses, measurements and observations of shock waves generated by earthquakes to propose in that the earth had a solid inner core.

Throughout her long career, which extended far beyond her official retirement in , Lehmann conducted research in Europe and North America and was active in international scientific organizations including serving as the first president and a founder of the European Seismological Federation. As a child, she attended and graduated from the first coeducational school in Denmark , an institution founded and run by Hanna Adler, the aunt of future Nobel Prize winning physicist Niels Bohr.

She began her university education by studying mathematics at the University of Copenhagen from to She continued her mathematical studies the following year at Cambridge University in England before returning to Denmark, where she worked as an actuary from to She also continued her formal education. In , Lehmann earned her masters degree in mathematics from the University of Copenhagen and later studied mathematics at the University of Hamburg.

She attended a progressive high school where girls and boys were treated exactly alike and studied the same subjects, be it needlepoint or soccer. The idea was to co-educate young people without prejudice toward race, gender, or social standing. Lehmann was deeply influenced by this experience, although the world awaiting her after graduation would contradict it in many ways.

Lehmann's first inkling of her future career may have occurred one Sunday morning when she was 15 or Lehmann recalled sitting at home with her mother and sister when the floor moved beneath them and the ceiling lamp swayed. Her father entered the room and announced that they had just experienced an earthquake. Her research would one day contribute to earthquake science and improve the accuracy of such efforts.

In the meantime, the idealistic Lehmann found college life a bit of a shock when she matriculated at the University of Copenhagen. Unlike her progressive high school, student behavior—particularly that of young female student—was governed by restrictive social rules. She nevertheless managed to enjoy life at college, and in she transferred to Newnham College of the University of Cambridge, in Cambridge, England, to study mathematics.

Exhaustion forced Lehmann to return home to Denmark a year later. Taking a break from rigorous academic studies, Lehmann spent several years working at an actuarial office, where risks are determined for use in determining insurance rates, and the experience built on her computational skills. Returning to Copenhagen University in , she completed her degree in mathematics, taking an extra semester to study mathematics with a professor in Hamburg, Germany.

With degree in hand in , the year-old Lehmann found work as an assistant to a professor of actuarial studies at Copenhagen University. Not the most propitious job for a would-be earth scientist, this work took advantage of her hyper-accurate mathematical abilities.

Inge lehmann biography of martin

In , Lehmann had her first chance to work in the field of geodesy also called geodetics , the science of accurately measuring and representing Earth's composition, orientation in space, and gravitational field. He needed someone to run them, interpreting and publishing their observations, and Lehmann jumped at the chance. Francis Birch noted that the "Lehmann discontinuity was discovered through exacting scrutiny of seismic records by a master of a black art for which no amount of computerization is likely to be a complete substitute.

Lehmann was also involved in the creation of the International Seismological Centre from to Lehmann's discoveries continue to play a vital role in geophysics. Her groundbreaking work provided the basis for modern seismic imaging techniques, which have become essential for exploring Earth's interior and monitoring nuclear tests. The seismic discontinuities she identified, including the Lehmann discontinuity , have been key to advancing our understanding of Earth's thermal history.

Lehmann was also elected to the fellowship of the Royal Astronomical Society in , and later became an Associate of the Royal Astronomical Society in Because of her contribution to geological science, in , the American Geophysical Union established the annual Inge Lehmann Medal to honour "outstanding contributions to the understanding of the structure, composition, and dynamics of the Earth's mantle and core.

The asteroid Ingelehmann was named in Lehmann's honour. In , a species of beetle was named after her on the hundredth anniversary of women's suffrage in Denmark: Globicornis Hadrotoma ingelehmannae. It is one of six portrait busts stood in front of the University of Copenhagen. She will appear on a Danish krone banknote. Contents move to sidebar hide.

Article Talk. Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikidata item. Danish seismologist — Copenhagen , Denmark [ 1 ] [ 2 ]. Copenhagen, Denmark [ 3 ]. Early life and education [ edit ]. Career [ edit ]. Awards, honours, and legacy [ edit ]. Key publications [ edit ]. See also [ edit ].

Notes [ edit ]. The Royal Society: Past Fellows. Archived from the original on 21 January Retrieved 24 September January Physics Today. Bibcode : PhT Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Retrieved 15 October American Museum of Natural History. Lehmann, Beatrix — Lehmann, Adelaide c. Lehmann, Ludwig Fritz. Lehman, William. Lehman, Peter Lehman, Lillian —.

Lehman, John F. Lehman, Jean-Pierre. Lehman, Irving. Lehman, Herbert. Lehman, Ernest Paul Lehman, Ernest Lehman, Barbara —. Lehmann, Joseph. Lehmann, Karl. Lehmann, Lilli — Lehmann, Liza — Lehmann, Lotte — Lehmann, Marcus. Lehmann, Marie. Lehmann, Michael —. Lehmann, Otto. Lehmann, Rosamond — Lehmann, Siegfried. Lehmann, Sonja —.

Lehmann-Haupt, Christopher —.